WATER TRANSPORT
Central Inland Waterways Authority was established in 1987 AD. Its headquarters is in Kolkata. The waterways of the country are divided into two parts-
1. Internal Waterways: This transportation takes place through rivers, canals and lakes. The waterway from Haldia to Allahabad was declared National Waterway No. 1 on 22 October 1986.
2. Maritime Waterways: From this point of view, the entire peninsular coastal part of India plays a very important role. 5,600 km of the country’s mainland. There are 13 major and 185 small and medium ports located on the long coastline.
There are 111 national waterways in India.
The country’s largest port is in Mumbai. Major ports are controlled by the central government, while minor ports are included in the concurrent list of the Constitution and are managed by the respective state government.
The best natural port of the country is Visakhapatnam. This is the deepest port of India. It is behind a rock called Dolphin’s Nose. A Kandla situated in Gujarat is a tidal port. This free trade zone.
Kolkata is a river type port.
Chennai is an artificial port. This is the oldest port of India.
Sethu Samudram Ship Canal Project is likely to reduce the distance between Chennai and Tuticorin by 434 nautical miles.
Cochin Shipyard Limited was established in 1972 AD. Its headquarters is Kochi (Kerala). It is the largest shipyard in the country with shipbuilding and repair capacity.
Note: Dahej (Gujarat) is the first port in the country, which has been established for disposal of chemicals. That’s why it has been named chemical port.
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